Age-Related Decline in Senses and Cognition – A review

Abstract

Background: Age-related decline in the senses is well-known, with a decline in the sensitivity of all senses having been observed. Decline in the senses can be connected to different neurological disorders and cognitive function and may even be a possible predictor of death.

Aim: The aim of this narrative review was to find and explore recent literature on the covariation between age-related decline in the different senses and co-existing effects on cognitive ability and quality of life.

Results and Discussion: Six themes could be identified, these were: “Decline due to normal ageing?”, “Technical aids and solutions”, “Wellbeing”, “Memory training”, “Verbal exercises” and “Sensory training”. Large differences between the different senses were obtained. However, the senses showed similar patterns in the different themes.

Conclusion: It could be concluded that there are many similarities concerning the connections between the decline in individual senses and cognition and memory.  Measurements of wellbeing and quality of life are common in the evaluation of the senses, and all types of decline have an impact on activities in daily life.